Insomnia is classified as chronic if it persists nightly or almost nightly for at least a month. Chronic insomnia is usually the result of some underlying physical or mental disorder. The most common cause of chronic insomnia is depression, which becomes reinforced by the insomnia. Physical causes for chronic insomnia include asthma, sleep apnea, arthritis, kidney disease, hypothyroidism and restless leg syndrome. Chronic insomnia may also be rooted in behavioral factors, such as the over indulgence in alcohol, caffeine and recreational or medication drugs. Chronic stress is also a contributor to this condition.

Chronic insomnia treatment involves first diagnosing and treating any underlying psychological disturbances. The identification and cessation of any behaviors that may worsen the condition will also be explored. Sleeping pills may be used, although these are controversial as far as treatment for chronic insomnia is concerned. Behavioral techniques such as relaxation therapy, sleep restriction therapy and reconditioning may also be options for the treatment of chronic insomnia.